Electrical accumulator



May 5, 1942.v .1.v w. BRYcE ELECTRICAL ACCUMULATOR Filed June 21, 1938 5Sheets-Sheet 1 :www

' INVENTOR. jf/755 W50/cc A TTORNEY 5 sheets-sheet 2 Filed June 21, 1938mm a mm f Nm ATTORNEY .m .mi

J. BRYCE ELECTRICAL ACCUMULATOR Filed June 21, 1938 May 5, 19.42.

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ELECTRICAL ACCUMULATOR Filed June 21, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTATTORNEY .d N. Q u.

May 5, 1942.

J. W. BRYCE ELECTRICAL AGGUMULATOR Filed June 21, 1958 5 'Sheets-Sheet 5umm In vEN1 0R Ai'ToRNEY Patented May 5, 1942 ELECTRICAL ACCUMULATORJames-W.` Bryce, Glen Ridge, N. J., assigner to International BusinessMachines Corporation, New York, N. Y., .a corporation of New York4Application June 21, 1938, Serial No. 214,930

(ol. zas-61.6)

4 Claims.

This invention relates to record controlled accounting machines and moreparticularly to value registering or accumulating mechanism used in suchmachines.

The principal. object of the present invention resides in the provisionof a unique accumulator of the strictly electrical type applicable to arecord-controlled accounting `machine with a view toward simplificationand improved arrangement of the ycontrolling circuit.

More specifically, the invention contemplates the provision of anaccounting machine with accumulating means comprising a plurality ofordinal series of value-corresponding relays, each value relay having acontrolling relay companion thereto; the provision of novel means foreffecting successive energization of an entry circuit to each series ofcompanion relays so as to energize a plurality of said relayssuccessively according to the value entered in that series; theprovision of means to maintain each of the energized value relays in itsoperated condition until a predetermined number oi said relays have beenenergized, each value relay, upon being energized, conditioning` thecontrolling relay of the next higher ordinal value position foroperation upon the next energization of the entry circuits; and theprovision of transfer means controlled by zero value position of oneordinal series of relays to enter one into the next higher 'ordinalseries of relays- Each set of` control relay is first energized and thisin turn causes its companion value relay to become energized. The valuerelay, immediately upon becoming energized, eiiects the deenergizationof the operated control relay, and concurrently condltions the controlrelay of the next higher set in the series for operation upon entry ofthe next impulse. Succeeding impulses cause similar operations offurther sets of relays in the series, and the value relays thusenergized v`are maintained in their operated condition until a pre.

determined ordinal value positionv isreached, at which time themaintaining circuit to all value relays except the one in thepredetermined position is broken. 'An electrical carry means is uti-4lized to enter a carry impulse in the next higher orders of theaccumulator as the relay progression in lower orders passes from thehighest digit position to the zero position. The accumulator performssubtraction by -the entry of a number of impulses complementary to thevalue of the digit to be subtracted. A simple read-out means is providedand operates under the control of the last-operated relay to completecircuits to print magnetson total taking cycles.

Oher objects of the invention will be pointed out in the followingdescription and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,which disclose, by way of example the principle of the invention and thebest mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the card feeding and analyzing mechanismof an accounting machine showing the essential operating parts.

Figs. 2, 2a and 2b together comprise a representative circuit diagram ofthe machine.

Fig. 3 shows an electrical timing chart of the machine.

Flg.4 shows an enlarged complete view of the relay arrangement of theunits order of the accumulator. f l

For purposes of illustration, the accumulator forming the subject matterof the present invention will be described as applied to an accountingmachine of the type shown in the U. S. Patent 1,976,617 issued to Lakeet al. on Oct. 9, 1934. A brief description of the card feeding andanalyzing mechanism of the machine and the general machine operatingcircuits will now be set forth followed by a detailed description of theaccumulator. If more detailed explanation of the various parts of themachine other than the accumulator is desired, reference should be madeto the aforementioned Lake patent.

Card feeding and analyzing mechanism L of feed rolls I3, I4 and I5 to astacker (not shown) Between pairs of' feed rollers I2 and I3 are locatedthe upper analyzing brushes UB, and

between rollers Il and I5 are located lower anleading card will bemoveddownwardly to a position where the leading edge of the card willhave slightly passed the upper brushes UB, insulating them from thecontact roll I6. During the second cycle, the card will be advanced bythe feed rollers past the upper brushes to an exactly similar positionwith respect to the lower brushes LB, insulating them from the contactroll I1. Meanwhile, during this second cycle, a second card will havebeen advanced to the upper brushes so that there is now a card under theupper brushes and lower brushes. operated, and their associatedcontacts' I8 and I9 closed. During the third cycle, the cards will passthe lower and upper brushes respectively and corresponding index pointpositions will be analyzed concurrently by the two sets of brushes.

` At the end of the third cycle, the first card will have been passeddown beyond the lower brushes, the second card will have advanced into aposition where its leading edge. insulates the lower brushes from theircontact roll I1, and a third At this time Aboth card levers are cardwill have been fed into a similar position with respect to the upperbrushes.

Value designations on the record cards are analyzed by the lower brushesLB which cause corresponding entries to be made into accumu- V latorsfor the purpose of ascertaining totals. The upper brushes UB function inconjunction with the lower brushes LB under group control operation,which will be explained later in detail, to allow the cards tocontinue'to feed as long as control designations representing a groupare the same on successive cards. At the end of a cycle during which thecontrol designations analyzed by the upper and lower brushes differ, thefeeding mechanism is automatically stopped.

u Totals for the group may then be taken from the accumulators in whichentries were made.

When certain cards have amounts to be added and others have amounts tobe subtracted, the upper brushes are employed in distinguishing one typefrom the other by the so-called X `selection method. In this method,provision may.

be made so that subtract cards, for example, carry an X designation andthe add cards do not.v The X designation may be placed in are additivelyentered into the accumulators by the normal entry circuits.

Further explanation of the functions of the cardl feed and analyzingmechanism, except as set forth later in connection with a"desc\riptionof the circuits of the machine, isv deemed un# necessary. If a moredetailed description iS 2,282,028 l desired, it may be obtained byreferring' to the aforementioned U. S. Patent 1,976,617.

General machine circuits The circuits of the machine may be connected toa source of current through a switch Sindicated in the upper left handcorner of Fig. 2. With the switch S closed, current is supplied to mainlines 30 and 3|, which through wires 32 and 33 connect these lines tothe input side oi a dynamotor indicated at DY. The output side of thedynamotor is connected to wires 34 and 35 which supply current to themachine proper.

.The use of the dynamotor DY permits the operation of the tabulatingmachine from a source of current whose potential is different than thatfor which the various electrical devices of the machine are adapted.Specifically, if the source of current is 220 volts D. C., thedynamotor, when wired as shown, will impress current of volts D. C. onthe lines 34 and 35. If the supply of current is llO volts, then, ofcourse, the dynamotor may be dispensed with and direct connection madebetween lines 30 and 34 and lines 3| and' 35 as indicated by dottedlines. When current is initially supplied to the dynamotor, the currentthrough the input armature thereof will pass through a resistance 36 inparallel with whichare wired contacts 31a of a relay magnet. 3l. Magnet31 is directly connected across the output lines 34 and 35 of thedynamotor and close as soon as the voltage delivered is 'sufficient tooperate the relay. Contacts 31a close to shuntv out the resistance 36and permit the full input current to be applied to the input armature ofthe dynamotor.

In tabulating machines of this class, it is customary to first send themachine through a reset cycle of operations to insure that the ac'-vcumulating devices are clear and also to set up the automatic controlmechanism. These resetting operations will be more fully explainedlater. Suiice it to say at the present time, however, that during theresetting operations, motor control relay magnet 38 is energized and aholding circuit provided for maintaining it energized until change.Contacts 38a of this relay will therefore be closed and the contacts 38hopened.

The machine is now ready to start card feeding operations .after cardshave been placed in the feed magazine I0. Depression of the start key toclose contacts ST will complete a circuit as follows: from line 34,closed cam contacts PI, tabulating clutch magnet 29, contacts 29a, startrelay 39,start key contacts ST, stop key contacts SP, closed relaycontacts 38a, to line v35. Energization of magnet 29 causes opening ofthe contacts 29a and the circuit will now include relay magnet 40, whichis wired in parallel with the contacts 29a.

Magnet 40 will close its contacts 40a to complete a circuit through thetabulating motor TM Ias follows: from line 30, motor TM, contacts 40a,

to line 3|, thus initiating the operation of the motor. Motor TM is ofthe two-speed type having a resistance 4| connected in series with itseld Winding. Shunted across the resistance 4| are the contacts 28 whichmay be arbitrarily closed to shunt out the resistance 4| and cause themotor TM to operate at a slow speed. A further pair of contacts 42h areconnected in parallel with resistance 4I andcontacts 28 and arecontrolledby a relay magnet 42'. 'I'he object of the contacts 42h is toshunt out the resistance 4| casaccal The contacts 38o are controlled bythe motor con trol magnet 38 and are opened when magnet 381sYdeenergized due to a change in the group control closure of contacts 42awill set up a holding cirl cult for the magnet 42 traceable `from line38, wire 43, magnet 42, contacts 42a, wire 44, contacts 40a, to line 3l.Energization'of magnet 42 will, of course, open contacts 42h, permittingthe Ainclusion of resistance 4I in the neld circuit ol' motor TM, if themachine is set for tabulating operations.

inspection oi' the timing diagram (Fig. 3) will show that the time ofclosure oi' contacts LI occurs after the machine has turned throughsubstantially a third of a cycle so that it will be apparent 'thatoperation of the machine for this portion of the cycle will be at theslow speed, regardless of whether contacts 28 have been set open orclosed. During the tlrst cycle, the record card C is advanced from thesupply magazine to a 'position where its leading edge is in contact withthe upper brushes UB, as previously explained.

Energization of the start relay magnet 39 will effect closure of itscontacts 33a to set up a holding circuitfor the clutch magnet 23traceable trom line 33, cam contacts PI, magnet 29, relay fill, magnet33, contacts 39a, 4wire 45, cam contacts L2 to line 35. Toward the endof this cycle cam contacts L2 break, as indicated in the timing diagram,and the machine coast through the remainder of the cycle to homeposition, which `will hereinafter be termedthe D position, as it iscommonly known in the art.

A second machine cycle is now again initiated by depression of the startkey to close contacts ST and a second cycle will follow in the samemanner as the first. During this second cycle, the rst card is advancedto the lower brushes and a second card is fedlirom the supply magazine.Following this second cycle, the machine may do one of two things. Ifthe automatic resetting switch B5 is open, the machine will stop asbefore and'ii' the switch is closed, the machine will automaticallyenter upon a resetting cycle of operations. If the machine stops, thesame resetting cycle is initiated by depression of the reset key toclose contacts R. It will be pointed out in connection with the groupcontrol circuits that the motor control relay 38 is deenergized duringthe second tabulating cycle just mentioned, so that contacts 38a openand 38h close during the latter part oi the cycle.

rf switch as is closed, che closure of cam contacts L3 toward the'end ofthe second cycle will complete a circuit traceable as follows: from line35., contacts 33h, switch 48, now closed, cam

contacts L3, relay magnet 48, cam contacts P3 to line 34.v Closure of`contacts "48a will set up a Aholding circuit for magnet 48 traceablefrom line 34, contacts P3, magnet 4'8, contacts 18a, to line 35. At thevery end of the cycle, contacts L4 close. permitting the completion of acircuit from line 35, contacts 48a, contacts`L4, reset clutch magnet 41,contacts 34o, contacts P3 to line 34. The contacts 84e are controlled bya multi-contact relay magnet 34 (Fig. 2a) which is energized through acircuit extending from line 34, wires 26 and 21, magnet 84, relaycontacts 38e, contacts 48D, cam contacts P3, wire 25 (see alsoFig; 2),card lever contacts I3, now closed, to line 35.

tions. It is thus apparent that ii' either of the contacts 38o and 48hare open, magnet 84 is deenergized to permit closing of contacts 84e inthe reset clutch magnet circuit. It is thus apparentthat during cardfeeding cycles, contacts 34e are held open and prevent completion of thereset clutch magnet circuit. vMagnet 41 will trip the reset'clutchmechanism and will cause the closure 'of 'the contacts 41a.

This will permit completion of the circuit through thereset motor RMwhich is traceable from line 39, motor RM, magnet 50, wire 5i, contacts47a', wire 52, to line 3l. The motor'RlVl will thereupon operate todrive the machine through a reset cycle during which contacts P4 closeto short circuit the contacts 41a and maintain the circuit through motorRM, and shortly thereafter, contacts P3 (Fig. 2a) open to break thecircuit through the magnet 84 which in turn permits closing of contactsMc. Later, contacts P3 open to break the holding circuit of magnet 48.Cam contacts Pil open at the very end of the cycle to brestp the circuitthrough the motor RM.

Ii the machine had stopped'after the second tabula/ting cycle, due tothe open position of switch llt, the resetting cycle is initiated bydepression of the reset key to close contacts R, which completes acircuit from line 35, contacts L2, wire dfi, contacts 33h, contacts R,relay 48,

contacts P3, to line 34. Energization of magnet alli ycontrols thecompletion of the above traced circuits through reset clutch magnet 47and the subsequent completion of the circuit through thev 1a resettingcycle which is either manually or automaticallyv initiated. At thispoint, the rst card is ln readiness to pass and be analyzed by the lowerbrushes LB and the second card is in readiness to pass and be analyzedby the upper brushes UB and the automatic control mechanism is inreadiness to compare the control designation of the cards as they passthrough the machine. Following the reset cycle just explained, themachine will stop, if the 'automatic start switch 53 is open, andfurther operations oi' the machine willl be initiated by depression ofthe start key to close contacts ST. If switch 53 had been previouslyclosed, however, the machine will automatically enter upon card feedingandl analyzing operations immediately upon completion of the lastresetting cycle. This is brought about in the following manner:

Relay contacts LCLa will have been closed clue to the arrival of the rstcard at the lower brushes and during the resetA cycle just traced, camcontacts P2 closed momentarily at the end of the cycle, therebyestablishing a circuit from line 35, contacts 38a, now closed, contactsSP, LCLa and P2, switch 53, star-t relay magnet 3S, contacts 29a,'tabulating'clutch magnet 29, contacts PI, to line 34. The energizationof magnet 29 will, as explained above, cause the machine to enter upon atabulating cycle of operations, during which the record cards aresuccessively analyzed and the amounts thereon entered into theaccumulators.

Closureof lower card lever contacts I9 completes a circuit'from line 35(Fig. 2), contacts I9, wire 25 (see also Fig. 2a), wire 55 (Fig. 2a), anumber of relay magnets LCL, wire 51, to line 34. A number of magnetsLCL are provided to distribute the multiplicity of contacts to becontrolled. Closure of relay contacts LCLb, together with the closure ofcontacts LCLa, menl through each such contact. The contacts asso- 59h(Fig. 2) in the holding circuit. The ultimate tioned above, willcomplete a holding circuit for relays LCL through cam contacts L6. Thiscircuit is from line 35, contacts L6, contacts LCLb,

magnets LCL and wires 51, 2l and 26 to line 34. As long as record cardscontinue to pass the lower brushes, magnets LCL ,will remaincontinuously energized since contacts L6 are timed to be closed duringthe interval that the card lever contacts 'I9 open (see the timingchart, Fig. 3). The up- 4per card lever contacts I8 similarly complete amachine in operation as long as control designations on successivelyanalyzed cards are the same will now be explained in detail.

A number 'of double-wound relay magnets are provided, each having a'pick-up winding 59 and a holding winding 6U. Windings 59 terminate inthe jacks 52 and 63 through which the windings 'may be plug connected inseries with the brushes UB and LB. Since the index point positions onthe card passing the lower brushes are analyzed concurrently with theanalysis of the corresponding index point positions of the followingcard passing the upper brushes, a perforation occurring in any indexpoint position of both cards will complete a circuit at a time in thecycle of the machine corresponding to the location of the perforation.

The control pick up circuit is traceable as follows: from line 34 (Fig.2), wires 64 and 65, cam contacts LII, upper brush contact roller I6,designation on the card at the upper brushes, upper brush UB, plugsocket 2l, plug wire connection to jack 63, winding 59, jack 62, plugwire connection to jack 20, brush LB, designations in the card at thelower brushes, lower brush contact roller I1, circuitbreaking vcontacts6I, lower card lever contacts I9 to line 35. Y

Energization of winding 59 will close its contacts 59a and 59h, theformer setting up a holding circuit for the windings which is traceableas follows: from line 34, wires 84 and 65, cam

.contacts LI2, contact 59a, winding 6U, to line 35.v

Contacts LI2 hold the windings 6U energized until nearly the end of thecycle. It is thus apparent that the windings 59 are energized at adifferential time in accordance with the value of the controllingperforation and that the windings 6U hold all the selected circuits tokeep contacts 59h closed in positions in which agreement occurredbetween the cards.

In the machine there are provided sixteen sets of windings 59, 6U. Onthe circuit diagram, however, only three are shown, to avoid unduerepetition of similar parts. After all the index point positions havebeen analyzed, the machine tests the setting of the contacts 59h. v.Ifthere was agreement in all the control columns, the contacts 59hcorresponding to those :columns will be closed and a series circuit willbe traceable object ofthe group control mechanism is to keep the motorcontrol relay magnet 38 energized, if there is agreement in the controlfield and to cause deenergization of magnet 38, if there is a break ordisagreement in the control field.

Magnet 38 is normally held energized through a circuit set up during theinitial resetting cycle of the machine. During this cycle, cam contactsP1, P8 close at substantially the same time, one pair of these contactsbeing set for accurate making time and the other pair for an accuratebreak. The'circuit will be completed from line 34, wire 64, contacts P1,contacts P8, control relay magnet 66, magnet` 61, motor control relaymagnet 38, cam contacts LIU, wire 68, to right side of line 35. Controlrelay 66 closes its contacts 66a to establish a holding circuit fromline 34, wire 64,contacts 66a, magnet 66 to line 3 5 as before. cuit andremains energizedl as long as there is no group change. While cards of agroup are feeding, the contacts 59h provide a shunt circuit aroundcontacts LID. For example, the contacts 59h, when they are closed andwhen plug connection between jacks 22 and 23 is made, as shown dotted,short circuit contacts LIU, the short circuit running from the lowerblade of contacts LIU to the lower'most contacts 59h, then to theuppermost pair,

plug connection from jack 22 to 23, tothe upper sustained through thecontacts 59h. If, at such time one of the contacts 59h had failed toclose, the holding circuit would have been broken, de-

energizing relay magnets 66, 61 and the motor,

' until there is again a break in either of the circuits.

It may here be mentioned that with the autov matic reset switch 46closed, `the machine will perform a single' cycle of total takingoperations and the group control holding circuit will be concurrentlyreestablished during this single anually initiated reset cycle, clearsthe accumulators and operates contacts P'I and P8 to initially establishthe control holding circuit and energize motor This circuit is thecontrol holdingl circontrol relay 38 so that the starting circuit can becompleted. At this time, the lower card lever relay magnets LCL aredeenergized as are also the upper card lever relay magnets UCL and theirrespective contacts LCLg and UCLf short circuit contacts LIU so thatduring the first card feeding cycle, the opening of contacts III) isineiective to break the holding circuit. At the end of this cycle,however, the upper card lever contacts I3 close, causing energization ofupper card lever relay magnets UCL and opening of contacts UCL. Asexplained above, the machine comes to rest after this first card feedingcycle with the first card about to pass the upper brushes. A secondmanually initiated cycle then takes place.

During the second card cycle, none of the contacts 59h can be closedsince the lower brushes LB, which receive current through the lower cardlever contacts I9 do not receive current. Opening of contacts LIIJtherefore finds no holding circuit for the control relay magnet and thesame is therefore interrupted. At thisftime, the leading card will be atthe lowerorushes after having closed card lever contacts I9 to supplycurrent to the lower brushes and to cause energi- 'zation of lower cardlever relay magnets LCL,

` opening the contacts LCLg. The following total taking and resettingcycle will again set up the holding circuits and the machine willproceed With-fits tabulating operations under the joint control of thecontacts LIU and contacts 59h.

When the last card in the machine has passed the upper brushes and ispassing the lower, and the'upper brushes are making contact on the barecontact roller I6, inspection of the circuit diagram (Fig. 2) will showthat circuits will beV completed to all the active relays in the samemanner as though another card of the same group were passing the upperbrushes. This, of course, would indicate an agreement and the groupcontrol would not break until the lower v card lever contacts opened.Therefore, it is necessary at this time to break the control holdingcircuit even though the shunt circuit through contacts 59h is closed.'This is brought about under control of the upper card lever contactswhich open, since no card is at the upper brushes, bringing about thedeenergization of the upper card lever relay magnets UCL and permittingopening of contacts UCLe. No shunt circuit can now be establishedthrough the'ccntacts SSb so that when the contacts of LIIl openY theholding circuit will be broken, and the machine will enter upon totaltaking operations.

Accumulating mechanism The accumulating mechanism is composed en' tirelyof relay coils and associated contacts. For each denominational order(Fig. i) of the accumuiator, twenty-one relays are provided, two foreach digit except the zero digit position which requires three reiaysfor reasons described later. The relays are connected by electricalcircuits so as to form a series of sets of relays. Each set comprises avalue-:corresponding relay paired with a controlling relay andrepresents an ordinal value or digit position.

In the circuit diagram of the machine (Figs. 2, 2a and 2b), threedenominational orders of the accumulator are shown for purposes ofillustration. These.- orders are designated as the units, tens, andhundreds orders. ie relay arrangement inv each of the orders is similar,so that lever contacts I9 now closed, circuit breaker" contacts 6|,lower brush contact roll II, through. value designations in columns ofthe card field to be added, corresponding lower brushes LB, plug wireconnection from jacks 20 of these lower brushes to jacks 15, addingcontrol magnets 11, to line 34. The magnets 11 energized are maintainedin'their operated condition by a holding circuit from line 34, magnets11, contacts 11a; wire 16, cam contacts L33, via Wire 83, to line 35.Contacts L33 are timed so as to maintain magnets TI energized until theend of the adding operation at zero in the cycle (Fig. 3).

First considering entry into the units order of the accumulator (Fig.4), energization of a magnet 'I'I related to this order will occur at adifferential time in the cycle Aand cause anventry circuit to becompleted as follows: line .36 through the subtraction control contacts91e, circuit breaker contacts 9|, contacts 91h of the units order ofaccumulator, relay contacts 'I'Ib now closed, contacts RIllg, valuerelay contacts RIb, entry control relay coil RII, via conductor |04, toline 35, thus energizing the control relay RII. Contacts RI Ia willclose and thereby es-n tablish a circuit to energize value relay RI fromline 34, contacts 91e, circuit breaker contacts 9|.

contacts 91h, contacts 11b contacts RIia now closed, relay coil RI, toline 35. With relay RI energized, contacts RIa-will close and provide awhich was described for its initial energizationf The circuit isslightly altered now, however, by the fact that a resistance r has beenbrought into the circuit in series with .relay coil RH, and the circuitnow passes through contacts Rid instead of contacts RIb.

Resistance r is of such a value that it will allow the entry controlrelay `R|I to remain energized and keep contacts Ri Ia closed until thecircuit breaker contacts 9| open at the end of the impulse, at whichtime relay coil RIU is deenergized. Upon entry of the next impulse,resistance r limits the iiow of current through coil RII to a valuebelow that necessary to re-close contacts RIIa. So long as resistance tis in series with the'now deenergized Ril coil, the contacts controlledby this coil will remain in their normal positions.

Another resistance, designated r', is provided in the holdingcircuit forrelay` Ril to prevent a potential holding circuit for the RH relay coilthat would otherwise be established upon the closure of contacts Ria.This potential circuit may be tracedas follows: line 35, conductor |34,relay coil RII, resistance r, contacts Rid now closed, contacts RIIlg,contact RIIa also closed,

' and then relay R2.

a'nd then to line 34 through the remainder oi!l the.

holding circuit for the Rl relay as previously described. The resistancer', however, being in series with the circuit just described is of suchvalue that, when combined with resistance r will .y

limit the holding current to relay coil RII and, at the time circuitbreaker contacts 9| open after the first impulse, the relay RII will lbedeenergized causing its contacts to be restored to normal. l

Contacts-11b will provide a circuit from breaker contacts 9| into theaccumulator from the time relay 11 is -energized until the end of theadding operation, relay 11 being maintained energized by cam contactsL33 as previously explained. It is apparent that after relay 11 befcomesenergized to condition an accumulator entry circuit, the number ofmachine cycle points remaining up to will determine thenumber ofimpulses from circuit breaker contacts 9| which will be permitted toenter into the accu- .mulator to cause successive energization of theContacts 9| are of the leaf spring type chart (Fig. 3).- Forillustrative purposes, a.spe

cinc entry into the units order will now be described.

Assuming, for example, that a value of 5 on the record card is to beentered at 5" in the machine cycle, the adding control magnetv 11associated with the'units order is energized as previously described.There are then 5 adding index points from 5 to 0. As the circuit breakercontacts 9| make at 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 in the machine cycle successiveadding impulses are sent to the units order. The action of the rstimpulse/has already been described. 'I'he second impulse toA enter theaccumulator is initiated at 4 in the machine cycle. Contacts 11b arestill closed and a circuit .is lprovided to entry control relay RI2 asfollows: Positive line 34, contacts 91e in the position shown, circuitbreaker contacts 9|, contacts 91h in the position shown, contacts 11bnow closed, contacts R||b in the position shown, contacts RIc nowclosed, contacts R2b in the position shown, relay coil RI2, to line `35.Relay RI2 is thus energized and closes its contacts RI2a to provide acircuit to energize value relay R2 in a manner similar to that describedfor 4the energization of value frelay RI. Coil RI2' will becomedeenergized when the circuit breaker contacts open the circuit to thiscoil at the end of the impulse which caused its energization.

It is apparent from the foregoing explanation that each additionalimpulse entering the accumulator units order causes the energization ofa new value relay, that is, the rst impulse caused the energization ofrelay RI, and the second impulse, relay R2 etc. Such energization ofrelay R2 was dependent upon the fact that relay Rl remained energized,its Rle contacts being in series with the circuits which energize relayRI2 In like manner when a third impulse enters the counter, it passesthrough contacts Rlc and R2c now closed and results in the energizationof arelay R3 in a manner similar to that described for the previousvalue relays in the series. Thus, at the end of a fifth impulse,

relays RI to R5 would be energized to representl that "5 had beenentered into the units order of the accumulator. 'I'he operation of theseries of relays for the rstnine impulses entered is the same asdescribed above, and thus-at the end of the ninth impulse, relays RI toR9 remain energized. 'I'hese relays are maintainedenergized by a circuitthrough the normally closed RIOe and R20d contacts as previouslyexplained. Upon 'entry of a tenth impulse, however, a somewhat differentseries of events occur. A circuit to energize entry control relay R20 isprovided as follows: line 34, contacts 91e, contacts 11b now closed,contacts Rl Ib.' contacts Rlc, contacts Rl2b, contacts R20, contactsR|3b, contacts R30, etc., to

and through contacts R9c, contacts Rlllb,V relay coil R20, to line 35.Relay R20, upon being energized, causes contacts R20a to close and acircuit is thereby completed to the zero value relay designated RID.This circuit is as previously traced through contacts RIIb, Rlc, Rl2b,R2c, etc.,

through contacts R9c, contacts R20a now closed, relay coil RIU, to line35. Contacts R20d, which are in parallel with the R|0e contacts, are nowopened. Contacts R|0a and R|0e are of thel make beforebreak type and aretied together by means of an insulating portion |02. That vis, contactsR|0a are designed to close before contacts R|0e open. Therefore, uponenergization of relay RIO, contacts R|0a wlllc1ose, providingv aholdingl circuit for relay R|0 from line 35,

through relay'coil RIO, contacts Rl0a, resistance r', conductor |03 andcam contacts L3| to line 34. The timing ofv cam contacts L3| is'such asto maintain relay Rl 0 energized until the fourteenth cycle point in themachine cycle, at which time carrying operations will have beencompleted. After contacts R|0a have' closed, contacts R|0e will open andsince contacts R20d are already open as previously described, theholding circuit for the value relays Rl through R9 is now broken, andtheir contacts are returned `to their normal position.

Contacts R20d are placed in the circuit to bypass the R|0e contacts forthe purpose o'f reestablishing the holding circuit for relays R| throughR9 immediately after it is brokenby the opening of the R|0e contacts.`The deenergization of relay R20 upon the termination of the tenthimpulse allows contacts R2'0d. to close and perform their function asabove described, so that after the next impulse and succeeding impulses,the valuerelays successively energized by these impulses will have aholding circuit to maintain them energized in a manner alreadydescribed. Contacts RI 0e are held open by the energized R|0 relay foran appreciable time which would allow l contacts R|0g are provided. Assoon as relay R|0 became energized, contacts RIOg opened and preventedthe completion of an entry circuit to energize relays RII and RI. Itwill be noted a relay K is also provided and connected to the commonside of circuit breaker contacts 9| and '9 la. Each impulse from thecircuit breaker contacts 9| will causev the K relay to be energized by acircuit from line 34 through contacts 91e, circuit breaker contacts 9,|,common conductor |01, relay coil K, via conductor |08 to line 35.Circuit breaker contacts 9|a are used for subtraction operations becausewhen subtracting, as will be explained later, relay 91 is energized andthe circuit to energize the K coil goes through contacts 91d and breakercontacts 9|a. Once relay K is deenergized, following the opening of convtacts Rle, the entry circuit for energizing the accumulator relays maybe re-established. This is brought about by the closing of contacts R2|bto be completed to the R|"relay. Relay RZIV remains energized untilrelay RI 0 becomes deenergized. This condition is obtained by the shuntcircuit through RNA provided .around the KI contacts.

It would now be well to summarize brieiiy the sequence of events whichoccur upon the entry of 7 a tenth impulse into an order of theaccumulator. Relays RI to 9 will have been energized prior to the tenthimpulse. Uponentry of the tenth impulse, relays K-and R20 are energizedconcurrently, but the KI contacts open before R204; contacts close andrelay RIU is energized. The energization of relay RIU drops the relaysRI to 9 and 4also deenergizes relay R20. When relay K becomesdeenergized, relay R2| becomes enernext impulse by closing its R2|bcontacts.

The foregoing description has shown how a digit representation of "1 to9 may be entered into the accumulator, and also how, after relays RI to9 are energized, the next impulse causes the energization of relay 0,this relay in turn being maintained energized while the accumulatorrelays RI to 9 were restored to. normal in preparation for new entriesin the accumulator.

Whereas the entry of a value into the units order of the accumulator hasbeen described, it would be simply repetition to describe the same forthe tens, hundreds and higher orders; that is, adding control magnets l1associated with the tens, hundreds and higher orders would also beenergized at a differential time in the cycle according to valuedesignations on the record card and close contacts -la to effect impulseentries from circuit breaker contacts 9| and through contacts 11b in amanner similar to that already Y described.

As is customary in accumulators of the type disclosed, it is necessaryto enter into a denominational order when the next lower orderJ Themeans provided forpasses from 9 to 0. doing this is termed a "concurrentcarry; that is, entry of one into one order due to the next 4gized andprepares the accumulator order for the.

units into the tens order and the other from the tens into the hundredsorder.

The circuit arrangement to effect the carry operations Will now beexplained. As was previously described, upon the units order passingfrom "9 to 0, the relay RIU became energized and was maintainedenergized by cam contacts L3I. During the carry portion of the cycle,magnet is maintained energized by a simple circuit from line 34, wires26 and 2l, cam contacts L34, carry magnet 85, to line 35. The carry timein the cycle has been shown as the 13th cycle point. At this time carrymagnet contacts 85a are closed and when cam contacts L32 close a circuitis completed as follows: line 34, cam contacts L32 now closed, contactsRlc now closed, carry control contacts 85a now closed, to the -tensorder of the accumulator. If the tens order 0f the accumulator werestanding at some value between "1 and "8 inclusive, one will be addedinto this order by means of the customary circuit and cause.theenergization of thenext higher value relay. If, however, the tens orderwas standing at"9, a circuit would be completed as previously traced,and also from the 85a contacts through the R|9c contacts, R9e contactsnow closed, further contacts 86a now closed, to the hundreds order ofthe accumulator. It will be noted that carry magnet 85 is of themulti-contact type and a pair of contacts 85a are located betweensuccessive orders of the accumulators.

Assume that the tens orderA has just passed from 9 to "0 previous to thecarry. A circuit will then be completed (Figs. 2a, 2b) from line 34,contacts L32, contacts Rlc of the tens order now closed, contacts 85a,now closed, to the hun,- dreds' order. It is necessary to prevent theR|0c contactsv in this case from sending in an extra impulse to thehundreds order when they' close, since these contacts are connected inthe carry circuit. The deenergization or relays RI to 9 of the tensorder,` which occurred upon the Subtraction may be'performed by thisaccumu- A latcr and may be controlled for this purpose in various ways',one of which is the so-called X selection method which has already beenbrieiiy described. The X position on the record cards is the next indexpoint after the 0 position and is analyzed at the 11th. cycle pointinthe card feed cycle. For detailed explanation of X selection controlfrom record cards, reference should be made to the previously mentionedU. S. Patent #1,976,6l7. It will, of course, be under stood, that theaccumulator may be arranged to subtract every amount entered therein,but the X selection method is suggested as a demonstration of greaterilexibility of application in regard to modern electrical accountingmachines and the work which these machines are called upon toperform. l

Assuming the machine is plugged so that X cardsdare to be subtracted,when an upper brush tractve entryduring the following cycle as that samecard passes -the lower brushes. -This circuit is as follows: line 34,wires 64 and 65, cam

. contacts LI I, upper brush contact roll I6, value designation of thecard, upper brush UB in the corresponding column, plug hub 2|, plug wireconnection to plug hub 94 (Fig. 2a near upper left corner), cam contactsL23 now closed, contacts UCLd now closed, relay coil 95 to line 35.

Relay 95 is thus energized and the 95a and 95h contacts will close; theformer providing a holding circuit through cam contacts L25 back to line34 and the. latter causing relay coil 91 to become energized when camcontacts L31 close by the following circuit: line 34, cam contacts L25now closed, cam contacts L31 now closed, contacts 95h, relay coil 91, toline 35. Cam contacts LI will hold relay 91 energized from the timerelay 95 becomes deenergized in one cycle u ntil pastgthe adding portionin the next cycle.

With relay 91 energized, relay-contacts 91d and 91a close to establishan entry circuit to the acnominations] order of the accumulator.

and 21, cam contacts L35 now closed, contacts 91j now closed, relay coil86, to line 35. Coil 8B is maintained energized until after the carryoperation in this same cycle 5' a circuit from line 34, wires 26 and 21,cam contacts L36 now closed, contacts`86a now closed, coil. 86, to line35. With relay coil 86 energized, the contacts 86h are also closed (Fig.2b), and -at the carry time in the cycle contacts 85b` are also closedtoprovide an entry circuit into the units order of the accumulator asfollows: line 34, relay contacts 85h' now closed,.contacts86b nowclosed, to units order of the accumulator, through next successive setof accumulator relays in the series to line 35.-

Total printing circuits Total printing of `amounts standing 1n theaccumulator is provided and is under the control vof relay 14, totalprint emitter 93, and read-out contacts associated with each of thevalue relays. The circuits are so arranged that read-out is effectedfrom the last-operated relay in each'deare printed during a reset cyclewhich, as previously' described, 'may be initiated manually by thedepression of the reset key to close contacts ing at the beginning ofthe subtraction cycle.

Each impulse energizes one further value relay in each of thedenominational Aorders of the accumulator which are plugged for entry.When a value designation in the card is encountered by' a lower brush inthe corresponding column, the

-feeding of. impulses into the accumulator order to which this column isplugged is abruptlyhalted because the adding control magnet 11associated with that order becomes energized, thereby opening contacts.11e to break the entry circuit. The making time of breaker contacts 9Iais slightly delayed as compared with breaker contacts 9| (Fig. 4). Thiscondition is required so that when a value designation is encountered,the entry circuit to the corresponding order of the accumulator may bebroken before another subtractive impulse is entered into theaccumulator. Also, under the condition in which 9 is being subtracted,it is necessary to prevent any impulses from entering the accumulator.

By the above circuits, then, if .5 was the value to be subtractivelyentered into one order of the accumulator, breaker contacts 9 la wouldsend out an impulse slightly after each of the cycle points 19u U89A5791, and 4611. at rE-)spin the cycle the encountering of the 5designation of the card in the corresponding column, adding controlmagnet11 becomes energizedas explained above to break the entry circuitby opening its contacts 11e. At this time four impulses have actuallybeen entered in vthis order. Thus, instead of actually subtracting 5,the same result has been is .during this time that-the so-called elusivel one" is entered into the units order.. The elusive one circuit becomeseffective onlyin. the cycle following the energization of relay 91. Thiscircuit may be traced as follows: line 34, wires 26 R, or, if themachine is preset accordingly, totals may be taken automatically-afterthe feed has. been halted at the end of a group of cards. The totalprint emitter 93 is provided with a pair of brushes 180 apart which arearranged to be driven by the reset mechanism so as to rotate throughone-half a revolution on each reset cycle.-

As either of .the brushes passes the segment spots on the emitter,circuits-are completed to the total prntlmagnets inthe event that valuescorresponding to those segment spots are standing in the Vaccumulatorreadout mechanism. This type of emitter is of common knowledge in thetabulating art.

A total switch 18 is provided and is manually settable in one of twopositions; an oiij position which is the position shown in the diagram(Fig. 2a) or a total position in which brushes 80 bridge contacts 82 andbrushes 19 bridge contacts 88. In order to complete circuits toprintmagnets 81 it is necessary to energize multi-contact relay magnet 14,and to effect the energize.-

ltion of this relay it is necessary to set switch 18 to the total.position tocomplete a circuit as follows: line v35, relay magnet 14,contacts 84a, switch |00, contacts 82, brush 80, cam contacts P6 nowclosed, wire 26 to line 34. With magnet 14 energized, contacts .14bclose and circuits may be completed to print magnets 8 1 as follows:line 34, print magnet 81, contacts 14h now closed, through normalread-out contacts R9g, R89, R1g,

etc. to the shifted read-out contacts of the last- .operated value relayin the order, emitter 93, circuit breaker contacts 58 (Fig. 2a), switch56, to line y35. That is, for example, if ,6 is the value standing intheunits order of the accumulator as represented by the fact thatrelay-R6 is the last-operated relay in that order, read-out con tactsRSg, R89, and R1g are closed as shown, but the read-out contactsassociated with relay R6 are shifted so that contacts R89 are open andcontacts R6] are closed. This permits a read-out circuit at the 6 timein the total cycle from line 34, print magnet 81, contacts 14h, nowclosed,

contacts R99, R89 and`R1g, contacts RGf, now closed, emitter 93, circuitbreaker contacts 58, switch 56, to line 35. Switch 56 is provided soTotals that all total printing may be suppressed by inanually settingthis switch to itsoi position to prevent the establishing of the abovecircuit. Whenever total printing is desired, it is necessary .to havethis switch in the position shown in the diagram (Fig. 2a).

lf at the end of a series of subtractions and additions of amounts intoan accumulator, a complementary amount remains therein, provision ismade whereby total printing may be prevented. This is effected byshifting switch to its dotted line position so that the circuit toenergize relay 14 contains in this case the series contacts Rsm of thehundreds order, since this is the highest order of the accumulator beingused. It must be assumed that this order is being used for balancecontrol only, i. e. not for adding. A 9 standing in this positionindicates a complementary amount Iand will prevent the energization ofrelay 14. If any other value is standing in the hundreds order, therelay 14 will be energized by a circuit from line 35, relay magnet 14,contacts 84a, contacts Rsm, switch |00 in dotted line position, switch18, cam contacts P8 now closed, to positive line 34.

A simple electrical resetting means is provided for clearing theaccumulator. On the reset cycle, relay magnet 50 is energized, as hasbeen already explained under the heading of General machine circuits sothat contacts 50a are closedf'and, with switch 18 set to its totalposition a circuit is completed to energize relay 8| as follows: line35, contacts 50a now closed, relay coil 8|, contacts 88 and brushes 19of switch 18, conductor 26, to line 34. The energization of relay coil8| causes contacts 8|a to open (Fig. 2b) and remain open during thereset cycle. These contacts are in the circuit which maintains all thevalue relays energized. When con-l tacts 8|a open, however, the valuerelays are not deenergized immediately because cam contacts P|2 by-passthese contacts until a point later in the cycle after the totals havebeen read-out.

`When contacts P|2 open all the accumulator re- Summary of operation Ithas been shown that the accumulator comprises a plurality of orders,each of which has for its structure a series-of sets of companion relaysand interconnecting circuits. Multiple timed impulses are fed into theaccumulator and successively energize a plurality of relays therein. Onadding, the number of impulses entered in any one order is equal to thevalue of the digit represented by these impulses. Cn subtracting, acomplement number of impulses are automatically entered to energizesuccessively further relays in the series. Each impulse entered into anorder causes the energization of an entry control sists of additionalcontacts controlled by the value relays, and an emitter for impartingimpulses to the print magnets at a differential time in the total cycle.Resetting means for the accumulator consists of contacts which openduring the resetting cycle and break the holding circuits to allaccumulator relays, thereby clearing the accumulator .of totals thatwere Istanding therein.

While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamentalnovel features of the invention as applied to a single modification,itwill be understood that various omissions and substitutions andchanges in the form and details of the device illustrated and in itsoperation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing fromthe spirit of the invention. It is the intention therefore to be limitedonly as indicated by the scope of the following claims. v

What is claimed is:

l. In a cyclically operating accounting machine controlled by a. recordhaving value designations differentially located thereon in accordancewith the magnitude of the digit values, in combination, means foranalyzing said record while in motion for said value designations duringa cycle, an impulse circuit including circuit breaker contacts capableof causing intermittent energization of the circuit to initiate apredetermined number oi impulses in succession corresponding to thehighest digit value within said cycle, a control relay includingcontacts in said circuit operated under the control of the analyzingmeans upon analysis of one of said value designations for conditioningthe circuit for initiation of impulses by the circuit breaker contactsat a differential time in the cycle depending on the location of thelatter-value designation on the record, whereby a succession of impulsesdependent in number upon the location of said value designation iseffectively initiated during the remainder of the aforesaid cycle, aseries of pairs of' relays, each pair including an entry control relayand a value manifesting relay, means for directing the first of saidsuccession of impulses to an entry control relay of one of the pairs ofrelays in the series, means controlled by the latter relay uponreceiving an impulse for operating the companion value relay, meanscontrolled by 'said value relay upon becoming energized for maintainingitself inan operated condition and to cause deenergization of theoperated entry control relay upon interruption of' the first impulse,and means controlledvby the latter entry control andA value relays forrouting the next impulse to the next entry control relay, whereby thepairs ofrelays are operated in progression from one digit value positionto another until av number of progressive operations are performedcorresponding to the number of impulses the magnitude of the analyzedvalue.

relay which in turn effects the energization of its companion valuerelay. When any order passes from 9 to 09, relay representing digits lto 9" become concurrently and automatically deenergized. Electricalcarry means is provided so that, upon one order passing from 9" to 0, acarry impulse is entered into the next higher order. Total taking meansis provided and con- 2. In an accounting machine controlled by a recordhaving digit value representations thereon, in combination, valuesensing means for sensing said digit values, an impulse circuitincluding means capable of emitting'a predeter value relays and anindividual entry control relay accompanying each of said value relays,one or the entry control relays being responsive to the impulse circuitso as to be operated by the first impulse, means controlled by thelatter entry control relay upon operation thereof for causing itsrelated value'relay also to become energized by the first impulse, meanscontrolled by the latter value relay upon becoming energized to maintainitself i'n an operated condition and to cause deenergization of theoperated entry control relayl upon interruption of the iirst impulse,means controlled by the latter value relay and entry control relay forrouting succeeding impulses from the impulse emitting means to otherentry control relays Yfor energizing said other entry control relaysandtheir related value relays in succession, whereby a progression ol.successive operations of said relays of one ordinal value after anotheris continued a number of times corresponding to the magnitude of thesensed value.

3. In an accounting machine controlled by a record having digit valuerepresentations difierentially located thereon according to th'femagnitudes of `the digit values, in combination, analyzing means foranalyzing said value representations on said record, a normallyineffective impulse circuit including repeatedly operating contactscapable of closing said circuitA inter,- mittently to initiate impulses,means controlled by the analyzing means upon analysis of a valuerepresentation for rendering said impulse circuit etective for theinitiation by said contacts of a succession of impulses dependent innumber upon the location of the analyzed digit value, an ordinal seriesof value relays and an individual entry control relay accompanying eachof said value relays, one of the entry control relays having initialconnection with the impulse circuit so as to Ibe operated by the firstimpulse, means controlled by the latter entry control relay uponoperation thereof for causing its related value relay also to becomeenergized by the rst impulse, means controlled by the latter value relayupon becoming energized to `maintain itself energized and to effectdeenergization of the operated entry control relay upon termination ofthe iirst impulse, means controlled by the latter value relay and entrycontrol relay for routing succeeding impulses originating as an incidentto the operation of the contacts of the impulse` casacca circuit toother entry control relays for energizing said other entry controlrelays and their related value relays in succession, whereby aprogression of successive operations of said relays of one ordinal valueafteranother is continued a number of times corresponding to themagnitude of the analyzed value. l

d. In a cyclically operating accounting machine controlled by arecordhaving digit value representations differentially located thereonaccording to the magnitude oi the digit values, in combination,analyzing means for analyzing said record while in motion for said valuerepresentations, an impulse circuit including circuit breaker contactscapable of causing intermittent closing of: said circuit so as togenerate a number of impulses equivalent to the highest of said digitvalues during a cycle, means controlled by the analyzing means uponanalysis of a value representation for rendering said Fimpulse circuiteifective at a differential time ior the generation of a succession ofimpulses dependent in number upon the location of the analyzed valueupon repeated operations of the circuit breaker contacts during theremainder of the cycle, an ordinal series of value relays and Vanindividual entry control relay operatively connected to each of saidvalue relays, one of the entry control relays being included in theimpulse circuit for the initial impulse so as to be actuated thereby,means controlled by thelatter entry control relay upon actuation thereoffor rcausing its related value relay also to become energized by thefirst impulse, means controlled by the latter value relay upon becomingenergized to maintain itself energized and toeiect deenergization of theoperated entry control relay upon termination of the initial impulse,means under control l of the latter value relay and entry control relayfor-,directing succeeding impulses originatingas an incident to theoperation of the circuit breaker contacts during the remainder of thecycle to other entryfcontrol relays for energizing said other entrycontrol relays and their related value relays in succession, whereby aprogression of successive operations of said relays of one ordinal valueis continued a number of times dependent upon the number of impulsesactually generated during the cycle which correspond in number to themagnitude of the analyzed value.'

JAMES W. BRYCE.

